The anthropocentric tendency that has prevailed for several centuries in Western society is that animals are considered inferior beings with no consciousness. This tendency has allowed humans to use animals to serve their own purposes, be it for clothing, food, laboratory research, or a means of transportation, without feeling the least bit of guilt about committing a serious offence towards them. Today, in the light of new information on animal consciousness, nobody can pretend any longer that our use of living creatures can compare to our exploitation of natural resources such as our water, soil or our forests.